Istanbul, Turkey
Turkey's title register (tapu sicili) is declared public by law but opens only to someone who makes a legitimate interest credible, at a per-property fee; owners see their own holdings on e-Devlet, there is no bulk owner file, and home sales are published only as counts by district.
11 buildings · 9 with an owner established · 22 sources · 6 tier A · 5 tier B · prepared 2026-10-20
Can you find out who owns it?
Title is recorded in the land register (tapu sicili) kept by the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre (TKGM). Article 1020 of the Turkish Civil Code says the register is open to everyone, but only a person who makes their interest credible ('ilgisini inanılır kılan') may have the relevant page and documents shown or copied — so a stranger cannot look up an owner, and nobody can search by owner name. Owners themselves see their own properties free on e-Devlet and Web-Tapu, and TKGM charges others a flat per-property fee on top of a copy duty. Sales are published only as counts by district and month, not with addresses, prices or parties.
Is ownership public?Only for those who can prove a legitimate interest
Cost of one title searchTKGM (2023 figures, as its FAQ states them): 46.10 TL title duty (tapu harcı) per register extract or per page of document copies, under Fee Law No. 492 Tariff 4 item 17, plus a flat 107.00 TL revolving-fund fee (döner sermaye ücreti) per property for information given to a person who has made an interest credible under Civil Code Art. 1020; owners and registered right-holders pay no revolving-fund fee
Bulk ownership dataNone published
Sale pricesAggregates only — no individual sales
Sites that forbid taking their data
- www.isgyo.com.tr (İş GYO) — “Prohibited: '(iv) using any robot, spider or other automated means to access, monitor, copy or otherwise use the Website or any content included herein for any purpose'; and 6.2 'You hereby agree not to copy, modify… reproduce, distribute… or exploit the Content for any purposes.'”
- www.zorlu.com.tr (Zorlu Holding) — “'Sitenin içeriği (tasarım, marka, logo ve ses, görüntü, yazı içeren bilgi ve belgeler) yazılı izin alınmadan çoğaltılamaz, kopyalanamaz, aktarılamaz, yayınlanamaz, dağıtılamaz…' (site content may not be reproduced, copied or published without written permission) — single stated facts quoted only”
1
The marquee buildings
The towers that set the tone of the core, and who holds them. A price is the price a document states, on the date it states — not an estimate of what the building is worth now.
| Building | Use | Owner | Owner type | Last price paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul Financial Center (İstanbul Finans Merkezi, İFM) Finanskent, between Ümraniye and Ataşehir, Asian side about 1.3 million m² usable space; TWF took over 465,000 m² |
Mixed use | Türkiye Wealth Fund (Türkiye Varlık Fonu, TVF) — for the 465,000 m² it took over; managed by TVF İFM Gayrimenkul İnşaat ve Yönetim A.Ş. 465,000 m² of about 1.3 million m² usable space Türkiye Wealth Fund: 'TWF owns 46 real estates in its portfolio across Türkiye… Having an area of about 1.3 million square meters of usable space, 465,000 square metres of the project was taken over in September 2019 at a cost of TRY 1.67 billion'; legislation completed July 2023. IFC's site names its operator, TVF İFM Gayrimenkul İnşaat ve Yönetim A.Ş., and lists 1.3 million m² of offices in 21 buildings, a 100,000 m² mall and a 38,000 m² hotel; tenants include TCMB, BDDK, SPK, Borsa İstanbul, Ziraat, Halkbank and Vakıfbank. Who holds the other ~835,000 m² is not stated. Wikipedia gives the total cost as ₺65 billion (Anadolu Ajansı, April 2023). |
Sovereign fund | TRY TRY 1.67 billion 2019-09 TWF: 465,000 m² 'taken over in September 2019 at a cost of TRY 1.67 billion including the project, earthwork, land costs and completed construction costs' A |
| Galata Tower (Galata Kulesi) Bereketzade Mah., Beyoğlu |
Civic | Kule-i Zemin Vakfı (a foundation of Sultan Mehmed II), administered by the General Directorate of Foundations (Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü, VGM) VGM, 15 August 2020: 'Mülkiyeti, geçtiğimiz Mayıs ayında İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi'nden; ait olduğu vakfa yani Kule-i Zemin Vakfına geçmiştir' — title passed in May 2020 from the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality to the foundation it belongs to, the Kule-i Zemin Vakfı. VGM calls the tower 'Fatih Sultan Mehmet Han'ın vakfı' and says it tendered the restoration on 22 June 2020 and handed the site to its contractor on 30 June 2020; VGM reopened the tower after restoration on 6 October 2020. The foundation is a mazbut (state-administered) foundation, which is why ownerType is government. No price: the transfer was not a sale. |
Government | —A |
| Haydarpaşa station (Haydarpaşa Garı) Rasimpaşa Mah., Kadıköy, on the Bosphorus shore |
Civic | Turkish State Railways (TCDD, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları) Wikipedia: the terminal was built on reclaimed land for the Anatolian Railway (CFOA) and opened in 1909; 'in 1927 the newly formed Turkish State Railways (TCDD) took over the CFOA and the terminal as part of the process of nationalising all the Turkish railways'. The station building 'still houses the headquarters for District 1 of the State Railways'; it has had no trains since 2012, and 'as of 2025, it is planned to be used as both a terminal station and museum'. Restoration work from 2018 uncovered Byzantine remains. TCDD's own site rejected automated requests, so the present-day title was not confirmed from TCDD; tier B on that account. |
Government | —B |
| Kanyon Büyükdere Cad. 185, Levent, Şişli |
Mixed use | Joint venture of the Eczacıbaşı Group and İş Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı (İş GYO) Wikipedia: 'Kanyon is a joint venture of the Eczacıbaşı Group and İŞGYO of Turkey', designed by the Jerde Partnership with Tabanlıoğlu Architects. İş GYO (a listed REIT in the İşbank group) lists 'Kanyon Alışveriş Merkezi' among its portfolio pages, but its website terms forbid 'using any robot, spider or other automated means to access… the Website', so that page was not read and the stake is not given here. The residences in Kanyon are individually owned and are not attributed. |
Public company | —B |
| Zorlu Center Levazım Mah., Koru Sok. 2, Beşiktaş (junction of the O-1 and Büyükdere Cad.) |
Mixed use | Zorlu Gayrimenkul (Zorlu Real Estate), Zorlu Holding group — the land, mall, hotel, offices and PSM; residences sold to individual buyers are not attributed Zorlu Holding's real-estate page: Zorlu Center, 'Türkiye'nin ilk 5 fonksiyonlu karma kullanım projesi', was realised by Zorlu Gayrimenkul with a total investment of US$2.5 billion and receives over 14 million visitors a year; Zorlu PSM was a US$300 million investment. Wikipedia: 'At a public auction in 2007, Zorlu Real Estate, a subsidiary of Zorlu Holding, submitted the highest bid (US$800 million) to purchase the land'; construction was completed in 2013. Tier B: the auction and price come from Wikipedia, not from a filing; whether part of the complex has since been sold or pledged was not established. |
Private company | US$800 million 2007 Land only: highest bid at a public auction in 2007 by Zorlu Real Estate, a Zorlu Holding subsidiary (Wikipedia) B |
| Istanbul Airport (İstanbul Havalimanı) Tayakadın, Arnavutköy |
Civic | Republic of Türkiye, through the State Airports Authority (DHMİ); operated under a 25-year lease by İGA, the Cengiz–Kolin–Limak–Mapa–Kalyon consortium that won the 2013 tender Wikipedia: 'A tender was made for the construction as well as for operating the airport… on 3 May 2013… The Turkish joint venture consortium of Cengiz-Kolin-Limak-Mapa-Kalyon won the tender and were obliged to pay the government €26.142 billion including value-added tax for a 25-year lease starting from 2018.' Opened 29 October 2018; over 84 million passengers in 2025; project cost estimated at €22 billion. The €26.142 billion is a lease (rent) obligation, not a purchase price, so it is not entered as 'acquired'. The DHMİ and İGA sites did not answer, so the consortium's present shareholding is not given; tier B because the state's title is inferred from the lease structure described. |
Government | —B |
| Mall of Istanbul (Mall of İstanbul AVM) Başakşehir (İkitelli), European side |
Retail | Torunlar GYO (Torunlar Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı A.Ş.) Torunlar GYO's portfolio table at 30 June 2026 (appraised values in thousands of TL): 'Mall of İstanbul AVM – İstanbul' appraised at TRY 46,646,200 thousand (≈TRY 46.6 billion), 27.4% of the REIT's TRY 170.2 billion portfolio, up from TRY 39.3 billion at 31 Dec 2025. The same table lists the Mall of İstanbul 2nd stage — the MOİ Hilton hotel and congress centre (199 rooms, TRY 5.44 billion), 12,503.53 m² gross lettable office/commercial space (TRY 2.43 billion) and High Residence (8,250.33 m² for sale) — plus a 12,131.79 m² phase-3 plot. Apartments in Mall of Istanbul Residence sold to buyers are not attributed. An appraisal is not a price. |
REIT | —A |
| Torun Center Mecidiyeköy, Şişli (Büyükdere Cad.) 45,137.48 m² lettable office and commercial; 45,288.22 m² (274 homes) for sale |
Mixed use | Torunlar GYO — the lettable offices and commercial space and the unsold homes Torunlar GYO's portfolio table at 30 June 2026 (appraised values in thousands of TL): 'Torun Center Projesi – Kiralanabilir ofis ve ticari alan (45.137,48 m²)' appraised at TRY 11.85 billion, and 'Satılabilir konut (274 adet konut; 45.288,22 m²)' at TRY 10.66 billion, both in Istanbul. The 274 homes are held for sale, so their ownership will pass to buyers, who are not named here. |
REIT | —A |
| Atatürk Airport site / Atatürk Airport National Garden (Atatürk Havalimanı Millet Bahçesi) Yeşilköy, Bakırköy |
Land | Republic of Türkiye (national government project) Wikipedia: closed to scheduled passenger flights on 6 April 2019; in 2019 'Turkey's government announced its plans to construct a giant park on the grounds', the Atatürk Airport National Garden, on and around one runway (given over to the pandemic hospital in 2020). Construction began 2022; in 2024 the Council of State cancelled the construction tender after a lawsuit by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality; the park opened 1 November 2025. The other runway serves cargo, business jets, Teknofest and an Air Force training base. The registered title-holder (Treasury, DHMİ or a ministry) is not stated by any opened source — tier B. |
Government | —B |
| Istanbul Sapphire (İstanbul Sapphire) Emniyetevleri Mah., Eski Büyükdere Cad. No:1, Levent / Kağıthane 165,139 m² gross construction; 60,028 m² residential, 27,000 m² office, 2,823 m² observation deck saleable/lettable; 11,602.48 m² site · 56 floors |
Mixed use | Not established the jurisdiction does not disclose owners Kiler GYO's project page: developer Kiler GYO, contractor Biskon Yapı A.Ş., contract type 'kat karşılığı' (the landowner is paid in finished floor space rather than cash), 10 basements and 56 floors above ground, built 2006–March 2011, observation deck on floors 54–56. The residences were sold to individual buyers and stay unattributed; the land-for-flats contract means the land's former owner also took units. Kiler GYO's own head office is at the same address (Kat 7), but no opened page says which floors, the mall or the deck it still holds, and the title register is not open to us. |
Not established | —A |
| Grand Bazaar (Kapalıçarşı) Beyazıt, Fatih 30,700 m², 61 covered streets, over 4,000 shops |
Retail | Not established the jurisdiction does not disclose owners Wikipedia: one of the largest and oldest covered markets in the world, begun in 1455/56 under Mehmed II with the Cevâhir Bedesten; 61 covered streets and over 4,000 shops on 30,700 m². The shops are separately titled; no opened source states how they divide between private owners, foundations (VGM) and the municipality, and the register is open only on a credible interest. Left blank rather than guessed. |
Not established | —A |
2
The core land
The most valuable ground in the city, and what the public record says about it.
No register publishes assessed values or owners for Istanbul parcels, so the most valuable ground is visible only through what owners themselves disclose: listed REITs' quarterly appraisals, the wealth fund's acquisition cost, and official price statistics. The figures are appraisals, costs or averages, not sale prices.
Highest disclosed appraisal of a single Istanbul assetTRY 46.65 billion — Mall of Istanbul (Torunlar GYO), 30 June 2026
Torunlar GYO's portfolio table at 30 June 2026 (appraised values in thousands of TL); TRY 39.33 billion at 31 Dec 2025. An appraisal by a licensed valuer, not a sale.
Istanbul Financial Center costTRY 1.67 billion for 465,000 m² (Sept 2019); TRY 65 billion total project cost (2023)
TVF real-estate page for the 2019 take-over; Wikipedia, citing Anadolu Ajansı (17 April 2023), for the ₺65 billion total.
Average home price per m², Istanbul vs Türkiye, February 2024TRY 45,420.7/m² (Istanbul) vs TRY 31,364.5/m² (Türkiye)
İBB Open Data, 'Türkiye ve İstanbul Ölçeğinde Konut Birim Fiyatları', from the CBRT's EVDS series; last updated 30 Sept 2024; İBB Open Data Licence.
Home sales in Istanbul, 2022259,636
İBB Open Data, home sales by district and month (Istanbul Statistics Office), summed for 2022; 2021 was 273,511. Counts only — no addresses, prices or parties.
3
Who owns the town
At this scale the significant owner is rarely a trust or a fund: it is one or two local holding companies, a family in its second or third generation, and often the land around the town rather than the buildings in it.
Most of Istanbul's big holdings are public. The Treasury (managed by Milli Emlak, now under the Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change), the General Directorate of Foundations (VGM), the Metropolitan Municipality, the mass-housing agency TOKİ and its listed developer Emlak Konut GYO, the State Railways and the sovereign wealth fund hold the land behind the airports, the Financial Center, the stations and the new housing estates. No opened source gives an Istanbul share of land by owner: Milli Emlak publishes national totals only, and the register cannot be searched by owner. The figures below are as each source states them and cannot be added together.
| Name | Type | Holdings (as each source states) |
|---|---|---|
| Republic of Türkiye — Treasury (Hazine), managed by Milli Emlak Genel Müdürlüğü Milli Emlak's 2021 activity report, Table 10: 4,399,797 properties registered in the Treasury's name (311.7 billion m²), 160,101 places under the State's sovereign control (DHTA, 28.3 billion m²) and 102,333 'ilişikli' properties (6.5 billion m²) — 4,662,231 properties and 346,516,846,396 m² in all. By type (Table 11), forest is 70.7% of registered area; 148,545 buildings and 548,466 urban plots (arsa). The report gives no breakdown by province; press reports that put a share of Istanbul in Treasury hands were not used because they could not be checked against an official table. |
Government | 4,662,231 properties, 346.5 billion m², nationwide (end 2021); no Istanbul figure publishedA |
| Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı (TOKİ, Housing Development Administration) TOKİ's project list by province (illere göre projeler), read October 2026: 372 Istanbul entries totalling 150,503 housing units — 55,961 'Konut + Sosyal Donatı', 53,356 'İdare Konut Uygulaması', 17,231 urban-transformation, 15,844 revenue-sharing — against 1,414,840 units in 5,213 entries nationwide. Emlak Konut's shareholder table (31 Dec 2023) shows TOKİ holding 6.67% (group A) and 42.7% (group B) of Emlak Konut GYO. |
Government | 372 projects, 150,503 homes in Istanbul (63,697 completed, 86,806 under construction); 49.37% of Emlak Konut GYOA |
| Emlak Konut GYO (Emlak Konut Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı A.Ş.) Emlak Konut's own 'Hakkımızda' page: Türkiye's largest REIT, founded 1953, floated in 2010 and 2013; '2003 yılından bugüne kadar… toplam 469 projenin ihalesini gerçekleştirerek, 264.034 bağımsız bölümün yapımını üstlendik' and a 'toplam büyüklük' of TRY 440 billion. Its shareholder table (31 Dec 2023): TOKİ 49.37%, free float 50.6%. Its Istanbul projects (Nidapark İstinye, Nişantaşı Koru, Yeni Levent, Meydan Başakşehir and others) are listed on its homepage; no Istanbul-only total is published there. |
REIT | 469 projects tendered and 264,034 units since 2003, nationwide; TRY 440 billion 'total size'A |
| Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü (General Directorate of Foundations) and the mazbut foundations it administers VGM, 15 August 2020: Galata Tower's ownership passed in May 2020 from the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality to the Kule-i Zemin Vakfı, a foundation of Mehmed II. VGM's site publishes foundation statistics (numbers of foundations) but no count of foundation properties in Istanbul; press counts of properties transferred to VGM could not be read (robots.txt of the reporting outlet excludes this agent). |
Government | Galata Tower (Kule-i Zemin Vakfı), title transferred from the Metropolitan Municipality in May 2020A |
| Türkiye Varlık Fonu (Türkiye Wealth Fund, TVF) TVF's real-estate page: TWF 'owns 46 real estates in its portfolio across Türkiye' and took over 465,000 m² of the 1.3 million m² Istanbul Financial Center in September 2019 at a cost of TRY 1.67 billion; a further real-estate subsidiary, TVF Gayrimenkul Yatırımları A.Ş., was set up in 2025. |
Sovereign fund | 465,000 m² of the Istanbul Financial Center (taken over Sept 2019, TRY 1.67 billion); 46 properties nationwideA |
| Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi, İBB) İBB held Galata Tower until May 2020 (VGM). İBB's main site (ibb.istanbul) did not answer, and its open-data portal carries expropriation tables rather than a property inventory; no total of İBB's holdings is given here. |
Government | not established — no holdings total openedB |
| Turkish State Railways (TCDD) Wikipedia: TCDD took over the Anatolian Railway and Haydarpaşa terminal in 1927. TCDD's own site rejects automated requests, so no holdings figure was read. |
Government | Haydarpaşa station and its District 1 headquartersB |
5
Who builds the houses
New-home building in this market: the volume, and the firms behind it. Ownership of a builder matters as much as its volume — a private-equity platform and a family firm behave differently.
Most new Istanbul homes are flats in large estates. Three channels dominate the record: the state housing agency TOKİ, which tenders construction to contractors and sells the homes itself; Emlak Konut GYO (49% TOKİ), which tenders state land to private developers under revenue-sharing contracts; and private developers building 'kat karşılığı' — the landowner is paid in finished flats rather than cash, as at Istanbul Sapphire. No official league table of builders by units exists, so the figures below come from TOKİ's own project list (units contracted in Istanbul, by contractor) and the developers' own pages. TOKİ contractors build; they do not own the finished homes.
| Name | Type | Homes (as each source states) |
|---|---|---|
| TOKİ (Housing Development Administration) TOKİ project list: 63,697 completed and 86,806 under construction in Istanbul. |
Government | 150,503 homes in 372 Istanbul projectsA |
| Emlak Konut GYO Emlak Konut 'Hakkımızda'. Istanbul-only units are not published on the opened page. |
REIT | 264,034 units under 469 tendered projects since 2003 (nationwide)A |
| Kuzu Toplu Konut İnşaat Ltd. Şti. Largest contractor by units in TOKİ's Istanbul project list (sum of 'Konut Sayısı' across its Istanbul rows, completed and under construction). |
Private company | 4,377 homes contracted on TOKİ Istanbul projectsA |
| İntek Konut İnşaat A.Ş. Second by units in TOKİ's Istanbul list (same method). |
Private company | 4,204 homes contracted on TOKİ Istanbul projectsA |
| Esta İnşaat San. ve Tic. Ltd. Şti. Third by units (same method). Next are Kahraman İnşaat (3,753), Makro İnşaat (3,000), Haldız İnşaat (2,927) and Gürtaş Yapı (2,914). |
Private company | 3,943 homes contracted on TOKİ Istanbul projectsA |
| Torunlar GYO Torunlar GYO's portfolio table at 30 June 2026 (appraised values in thousands of TL). |
REIT | 274 homes (45,288 m²) for sale at Torun Center; 165 at 5. Levent stage 2A |
6
Commercial landlords
The commercial side, counted separately from housing: who holds the office, retail and industrial floor area.
Istanbul's large commercial floor space is held by listed REITs (GYO), the sovereign wealth fund, and family-controlled holding groups. Every listed REIT must publish a portfolio table with appraised values each quarter, but they are filed on KAP, which refused this agent, so these come from the REITs' own sites where their terms allow. İş GYO's site forbids automated access, so its holdings are not read.
| Name | Type | Holdings (as each source states) |
|---|---|---|
| Torunlar GYO Torunlar GYO's portfolio table at 30 June 2026 (appraised values in thousands of TL): buildings TRY 146.7 billion (86.2%), projects TRY 15.7 billion, land TRY 2.6 billion. Istanbul assets include Mall of İstanbul and its second stage (Hilton hotel, offices, High Residence), Torun Center, Torium AVM, 5. Levent, a 70,644.88 m² Paşabahçe project and a Karaköy hotel project; the rest is in Bursa, Antalya, Mersin and Kayseri. Torunlar is a family-founded group; the REIT is the owning entity. |
REIT | TRY 170.2 billion total portfolio (30 Jun 2026), including Mall of Istanbul (TRY 46.6 bn), Torun Center offices (45,137 m²; TRY 11.8 bn), Torium mall (TRY 5.7 bn)A |
| Türkiye Varlık Fonu (Türkiye Wealth Fund) Taken over in September 2019 at TRY 1.67 billion, managed through TVF İFM Gayrimenkul İnşaat ve Yönetim A.Ş.; the IFC has 1.3 million m² of offices in 21 buildings and a 100,000 m² mall. |
Sovereign fund | 465,000 m² of the Istanbul Financial CenterA |
| Zorlu Gayrimenkul (Zorlu Holding) Zorlu Holding's real-estate page: Zorlu Center was realised with US$2.5 billion of total investment and takes over 14 million visitors a year; Zorlu PSM US$300 million. No floor-area total is stated on the opened page. |
Private company | Zorlu Center — US$2.5 billion total investment (mall, Raffles hotel, offices, PSM)B |
| İş GYO (İş Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı) and the Eczacıbaşı Group Wikipedia names Kanyon a joint venture of the Eczacıbaşı Group and İş GYO. İş GYO's sitemap lists portfolio pages for Kanyon, İş Kuleleri Kompleksi, İstanbul Finans Merkezi, Ofis Lamartine, Ofis Maslak and others, but its terms forbid robots, so none was read and no figure is given. |
Public company | Kanyon (joint venture); İş GYO also lists İş Kuleleri, an IFC project and offices in Maslak and LeventB |
?
Looked for and not found
Claims this page would have made if a source could be opened. They are left out rather than guessed.
- Which entity holds the rest of the Istanbul Financial Center (about 835,000 m² beyond TVF's 465,000 m²) — the Central Bank, Ziraat, Halkbank and Vakıfbank towers and İş GYO's IFC project: none of their pages or filings was read (KAP refused the agent).
- İGA's current shareholding at Istanbul Airport (the 2013 consortium was Cengiz–Kolin–Limak–Mapa–Kalyon; any later sale of stakes was not confirmed) and whether title to the airport land sits with the Treasury or DHMİ.
- The registered title-holder of the Atatürk Airport / National Garden parcels.
- Kanyon's split between the Eczacıbaşı Group and İş GYO: İş GYO's terms forbid automated reading of its portfolio page, and KAP was unreachable.
- Whether any part of Zorlu Center has been sold, transferred or pledged since 2013; the 2007 land price (US$800 million) is from Wikipedia, not a filing.
- How the Grand Bazaar's shops divide between private owners, foundations and the municipality.
- Which floors, units or the observation deck of Istanbul Sapphire Kiler GYO still holds.
- An Istanbul-only count or area of Treasury (Hazine) land: Milli Emlak's report gives national totals only; press figures (e.g. that a large share of Istanbul is Treasury land) were not checked against an official table.
- The number of foundation (VGM) properties in Istanbul, and the April 2026 transfer of 1,191 properties to VGM foundations reported by Milliyet (not read: robots.txt excludes this agent).
- Holdings totals for the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and its companies, the Ministry of National Defence and Istanbul University — no official figure opened.
- Present-day title to Haydarpaşa station from TCDD itself (its site rejected the request).
- The TKGM fees are the 2023 amounts as TKGM's FAQ states them; Fee Law tariffs are revalued every January, so the 2026 figures are higher.
§
Sources
- Türk Medeni Kanunu (Turkish Civil Code), Law No. 4721, Article 1020 — 'C. Tapu sicilinin açıklığı' (openness of the land register) — Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı (Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye) · openA
- Sıkça Sorulan Sorular — 'Takyidat nedir? Tapu kaydı örneği nasıl alınır. Harç ve Döner Sermaye Hizmet Bedeli nedir?' and 'Web-tapu' — Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü (TKGM, General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre) · openA
- Tapu Bilgileri Sorgulama (Land registry information query), e-Devlet service 920 — e-Devlet Kapısı (turkiye.gov.tr) for TKGM · registrationA
- İlçelere Göre Konut Satış Adedi (Home sales by district, monthly, 2015–2023) — İstanbul İstatistik Ofisi, İBB Açık Veri Portalı (Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality open data) · openA
- İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Açık Veri Lisansı (IMM Open Data Licence), version 1.0 — İBB Bilgi İşlem Dairesi Başkanlığı · openA
- Our Portfolio — Real Estate (İstanbul Financial Center) — Türkiye Wealth Fund (Türkiye Varlık Fonu) · openA
- Gayrimenkuller; Hakkımızda; Gizlilik Politikası ve Aydınlatma Metni (names TVF İFM Gayrimenkul İnşaat ve Yönetim A.Ş.) — İstanbul Finans Merkezi (ifm.gov.tr) · openA
- Galata Kulesi Bir Vakıf Eserdir, Tüm İnsanlığın Mirasıdır (15.08.2020); Galata Kulesi Restorasyon Sonrası Açılışı (6.10.2020) — T.C. Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü (General Directorate of Foundations) · openA
- Haydarpaşa Terminal — Wikipedia · openA
- Kanyon Shopping Mall — Wikipedia · openA
- Gayrimenkul (Zorlu Gayrimenkul, Zorlu Center); and Wikipedia 'Zorlu Center' for the 2007 land auction — Zorlu Holding A.Ş.; Wikipedia · openB
- Istanbul Airport — Wikipedia · openA
- Atatürk Airport — Wikipedia · openA
- İstanbul Sapphire — Proje Bilgisi — Kiler GYO A.Ş. · openA
- Grand Bazaar, Istanbul — Wikipedia · openA
- Zorlu Center — Wikipedia · openA
- Istanbul Financial Center — Wikipedia · openA
- 30.06.2026 Torunlar GYO Gayrimenkul Portföy Tablosu (000 TL) — Torunlar GYO A.Ş. · openA
- Milli Emlak Genel Müdürlüğü 2021 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu (Tables 10–12) — T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı, Milli Emlak Genel Müdürlüğü · openA
- İllere Göre Projeler (projects by province: type, status, contractor, number of homes) — T.C. Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı (TOKİ) · openA
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